face="Times New Roman Star"s?aps?aq 'wooden vessel for shaking up milk'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?apc?aq 1
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 99, ДТС 153, Егоров 223,Федотов 2, 148-149. Forms with -u- in the second syllable demonstrate vowel assimilation (c?opu- < *c?apu-). External parallels strongly suggest that the word is not derived from *c?ap- 'hit', but is an original noun.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 pock-marked, variegated 2 badly bred, sloppy 3 to appear (of rash, furuncles)
face="Times New Roman Star"1 пестрый, рябой 2 непородистый, неряшливый 3 высыпать (о сыпи, чирьях)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?opur 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ubar 'cheval gris de fer', c?ibar 'grey, mottled (horse)' (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ipo|r 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ipa(r) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?opur 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?opur 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?obur 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ba"rt- 'to appear (of rash on lips)', sybar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?apyr- 3, c?ubar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ybar- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ybar, cybar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ubar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?apyr- 3, c?opur 1, c?ubar 'variegated'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 116, 118-119, Егоров 320, Федотов 2, 403. An expressive and late attested root; appears, however, to be reconstructable for PT. The original shape is probably *c?ap- (preserved in c?ap-yr- 'to appear (of rash)', with further labial assimilation into *c?opur. The frequently attested variant c?upar > c?ubar is most probably a result of contamination *c?opur and *c?ubar (reflected in Tat. c?uwar, Kirgh. c?a:r that can only reflect *-b-).
face="Times New Roman Star"sar 'animal trace on snow'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ars 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ars 2
face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 29, 35. The derivative *c?ar-s is somewhat peculiar morphologically and could be a loanword - from the (unattested) Mong. *c?ar-su(n) (?). {Oyr. c?arym was removed from this etymology, but probably unjustly: the Komi source c/are?m 'snow crust', as well as c/ars id. are much better explained as borrowed from Turkic than vice versa. The form is traced back to Ur. *s/arV in UEW 464, but the consonantism is quite irregular; other parallels proposed by Helimsky are Saam. c?arava - with irregular vocalism - and Selk. c?/o|:rpy, closely resembling Tofalar c?arpyn|. A complicated case, but explanation of the existing scattered Uralic forms from Turkic is at least not preferable to vice versa.}
face="Times New Roman Star"sardag|a, sarda:na 'short heavy arrow with a broad head' (Пек.)
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"sar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:r- 'to cut, stick in' (ССЯ: Udzh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ar 1, 'spool'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 99-100, Егоров 221, Федотов 2, 143 (borrowing < FU *s/orva 'horn' is hardly credible). Bulg. > Hung. sarlo/ 'sickle', see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 494-495. The root is certainly genuine, although some influence of the Iranian c?aryk, c?arx 'wheel' could have existed.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 small river 2 sand, pebbles 3 flood, freshet 4 shallow
face="Times New Roman Star"1 речка 2 песок, галька 3 половодье, наводнение 4 мелководный
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1, c?eke 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:j 1, c?a":ge 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ajyq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj-r-am 4
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj 2 (?)
face="Times New Roman Star"saj 'a river weed' (?)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?aj (in the hydronym qarac?aj)
face="Times New Roman Star"The word is poorly attested (almost only in some modern Oghuz languages and Chag., see VEWT 95, Лексика 94; the Yakut parallel is phonetically unclear - borrowed from Tuva or Altai?). Turk. *c?a:j-ka (Turkm. c?a":ge, Chag. c?eke) > Kalm. ceke|: (KW 426). The forms (despite semantic difference) may have an Iranian origin: Pers. (Pekhl.) c?a:h 'well, spring' < *c?a:t|a > Av. c?a:ta, Kurd. c?a:l, Bel. c?a:t, Osset. c?ad 'lake', Wakhi c?ot 'pond' (Horn 97, Аб. 1, 285, 329, Расторгуева 1990, 191, ЭСВЯ 130); a certain Persian loan is Khal. c?a: 'Brunnen, Grube'. Osset. c?'aj 'well' is regarded by Abaev as a borrowing from Pers. through Georgian (c?.a 'well'). The relationship to the verbal stem c?a:j- 'to swill' (ОСНЯ 3, 59-60) ( < 'wash water off from the surface'?) is yet to be determined.
face="Times New Roman Star"s/avar-/s/ar- 1, s/avra 2
face="Times New Roman Star"sebirij- 'to uncoil (of a twisted rope)'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"jir- 'to twiddle a whirligig'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to tuck', c?u"jre 'contrariwise'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?evir- 1, c?evra" 2
face="Times New Roman Star"сivir-, c?evir- 1, civre 2
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"ju"r- 'to wrap'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 398, Егоров 201-201, Федотов 2, 80. Despite VEWT, there are no reasons to regard the Chuv. word as a borrowing.
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 400-401, Лексика 120. Turk. > Mong. c?ec?eg, see TMN 3, 57, Щербак 1997, 112. Kypch. > Chuv. c?ec?c?e, c?ec?ek (see Егоров 322, Федотов 2, 408-409); some Turkic forms (Tuva c?ec?ek, perhaps also Oyr. c?ec?ek and some of the Kypchak forms) may be borrowed back < Mong.
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ege-dek, c?ege-l-dek 8
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ege-r 7
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eget 'forest, wood' (Karach.), 'North' (Balk.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekerdek 3
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egirdek, c?ekirdek 3, c?eger 'blackthorn'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 102, EDT 867-868. Morphologically -t - is a collective suffix, -dak/-dyk - a denominative suffix. The word is attested in MK, but in an aberrant (dialectal) shape with s?-, and the meaning 'nut' is probably secondary, the original meaning of the root being 'coniferous tree, branch'. Several other plant names may be related, cf.: Chag. c?eke| 'berries found in the Fergana mountains'; Uzb. c?akanda 'облепиха крушиновидная', Uygh. c?a"ka"nda" 'a bush with red fruits' (R 3, 1947 Taranchi, mod. c?akanda 'a k. of thorny bush'), Az. c?a"kil 'mulberry'; Kirgh. South. c?ekende 'хвойник; кузьмичева трава; эфедра двуколосковая' (its pseudoberries are edible; despite Yudakhin, not < Iranian - the word is not attested in Persian). Turk. > Pers. c?a"ka"lda"k 'blackberry' (Гаффаров).
face="Times New Roman Star"различные виды сорных трав
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikin / c?ekin 'a plant growing among the vines and eaten by cattle' (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?e|ke|n 'corn cob' (< Chuv.?)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekin 'greens, grass; a weed on rice fields, with black seeds and sharp awns' (Pav. C., Sangl.), c?ekil-dam 'tulip bulb; a root similar to wild garlic' (Pav. C., for dam cf. Uzb. dam 'pungency, bitterness' < Pers.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?akalak 'bush thicket' (or perhaps to PT *c?eke-t?)
face="Times New Roman Star"s@gen 'dry grass'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?akan 'reedmace'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eken 'рогоз широколистый'
face="Times New Roman Star"se|ke|n 'corn cob' ( < Chuv.?)
face="Times New Roman Star"s?igin 'weed growing on rice fields, куриное просо', s?igildik 'reed'
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 111, EDT 415, Рас. ФиЛ 277, Егоров 316. Chuv. c?akan, despite Дмитриева 1997, 52-53 and Ro/na-Tas, is not connected with *jeken 'reed' (v. sub *de/k`a\). Cf. other grass names: Chuv. c?iken kurъk@ 'geranium' (according to Ашм., grass helping from colics - Дмитриева 1997, 56); s/ikka kurъk@ 'camomile' (according to Ашм. it hosts a plantlouse, to summon which the children say "s/ikka!" - Дмитриева 1988, 51); Uygh. c?iga" 'plant fibre, wild hemp (VEWT), Yak. sige 'тальниковые стружки, лыко'. Tuva sigen 'hay' (Tuva), (Tof. 'grass') has an irregular s-, so perhaps should be regarded as borrowed from Khak.
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eku"k (MK: Oghuz), c?eku"c? (IM)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekic?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"kec?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eku"c?, c?o"ku"c? (Abush., Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o.kic? 'hack'
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"ku"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekic?
face="Times New Roman Star"s?o"kis?
face="Times New Roman Star"su"kes?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"gu"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekic?
face="Times New Roman Star"cokuc, cekic, c?o"ku"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"c?o"ku"c?
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 103, EDT 415. (< Iran., see TMN 3, 85-86?). Despite EDT, hardly derived from c?ek- 'to pull'. The controversy concerning the Iranian origin of the Turkic word vs. the Turkic origin of the Modern Persian one (see Doerfer, Clauson), should be probably resolved as follows: Old Persian ( = Av. cakus?- 'axe / hammer for throwing') > Pers. c?akus? 'hammer'; but Pers. c?ekoc?, c?ekoz?| are phonetically aberrant (see Horn 99) and should be regarded as Turkisms; Pers. c?ekus? is a mixed form. The source of Pers. c?ekoc? is Turk. c?eku"c? - a diminutive in -c? for the form c?eku"k. Turkic forms in -s? (Khal. c?a"kkus?, Kirgh. c?o"ku"s?, KKalp. s?o"kkis?, possibly also Nogh. s?o"kis?, Bashk. su"kes?) may be iranisms. Turk. > Mong. c?eku"c? (see Щербак 1997, 112).
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eku"rge (MK Oghuz; Tefs.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekirge
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikertke|
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egu"rtke, c?ewu"rtke (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?igirtka
face="Times New Roman Star"c?eka"tka"
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekirtge
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekirtge
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|yrtxy
face="Times New Roman Star"saxsyrg|a 'fly'
face="Times New Roman Star"haksyrga 'fly'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ergi
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egertki
face="Times New Roman Star"sin|ertka"
face="Times New Roman Star"c?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"s?egirtke
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 103, EDT 416-417, Лексика 187, Stachowski 94. Forms like Tat. dial. sikertke are a result of contamination with *se:k- 'jump' (v. sub *sa:/ki).
face="Times New Roman Star"s?el 2, 'fat under skin', s?elpek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"s?el-te- 'to husk grain'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?elpek 5
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 103, EDT 418-419, Лексика 392. Ogh. c?el-tik > Pers. c?altuk, s?altu:k (despite VEWT 104). Turk. c?elpek > Pers. c?alpak (TMN 3, 1111). The meaning 'eye pus, mucus' in *c?el-pek developed under the influence of the similar *c?apak (see under *c?ap- 'plaster'), but the two roots should be clearly distinguished (despite EDT 418).
face="Times New Roman Star"c?emirc?ek 'хрящ на лопатке и мечевидном отростке'
face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek
face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek
face="Times New Roman Star"s?emirs?ek
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 251. Widely spread forms like Chag. ka"mirc?a"k are probably due to contamination with *kEmu"k 'bone' (v. sub *k`i_ome).
face="Times New Roman Star"c?an|a, c?en|e (Pav. C., AH)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"na"
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ene (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"na"
face="Times New Roman Star"sen|ie
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ena"
face="Times New Roman Star"cen|ge
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ene
face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 220. Despite Буд. 1, 483-484, D-T 98 the Pers. c?a:nah 'lower jaw' cannot be the source of Turkic forms; it does not have any Iranian etymology and is itself most likely a Turkism.
